COFFEE
Coffee is a brewed beverage prepared from roasted seeds, commonly 
called coffee beans, of the coffee plant. They are seeds of 
"coffee cherries" that grow on trees in over 70 countries. 
It has been said that green coffee is the second most traded 
commodity in the world behind crude oil. Due to its caffeine content, 
coffee can have a stimulating effect in humans. Today, coffee is 
one of the most popular beverages worldwide.

Drink for Energy
It is thought that the energizing effect of the coffee bean plant was 
first recognized in the south west of Ethiopia, and the cultivation 
of coffee expanded in the Arab world. The earliest credible evidence 
of coffee drinking appears in the middle of the fifteenth century, 
in the Sufi monasteries of the Yemen in southern Arabia. From the 
Muslim world, coffee spread to Italy, then to the rest of Europe, 
to Indonesia, and to the Americas.

Coffee Berries
Coffee berries, which contain the coffee bean, are produced by 
several species of small evergreen bush of the genus Coffea. The 
two most commonly grown species are Coffea canephora (also known 
as Coffea robusta) and Coffea arabica; less popular species are 
liberica, excelsa, stenophylla, mauritiana, racemosa. These are 
cultivated primarily in Latin America, Southeast Asia, and Africa. 
Once ripe, coffee berries are picked, processed, and dried. The seeds 
are then roasted, undergoing several physical and chemical changes. 
They are roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavour. T
hey are then ground and brewed to create coffee.

Presentation
Once brewed, coffee may be presented in a variety of ways. Drip-brewed, 
percolated, or French-pressed/cafetière coffee may be served with no 
additives or sugar (colloquially known as black) or with milk, 
cream, or both. When served cold, it is called iced coffee.

Espresso
Espresso-based coffee has a wide variety of possible presentations. 
In its most basic form, it is served alone as a shot or in the more 
watered-down style café américano—a shot or two of espresso with hot 
water added[59] (reversing the process by adding espresso to hot 
water preserves the crema, and is known as a long black). Milk 
can be added in various forms to espresso: steamed milk makes a 
cafè latte,[60] equal parts steamed milk and milk froth make a 
cappuccino, and a dollop of hot foamed milk on top creates a 
caffè macchiato. The use of steamed milk to form patterns such as 
hearts or maple leaves is referred to as latte art.

mmmmmm - coffee!